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The carambola tree (Averrhoa carambola) is a tree of the family Oxalidaceae whose fruit is carom.
Description:
It is a tropical tree, native to Asia. Available for some years on the European markets, the fruit is a bay with five welded carpels whose section forms a star and each containing two flat seeds.
Depending on the variety, more or less tart, it is used in juice or fruit salad, in jam or in sauces. It is mostly used to decorate dishes and desserts.
The carom name is also given to a species of the genus Allium, Allium ampeloprasum, also called summer leek.
For health: recognized toxicity
The fruit is a good source of vitamin C and rich in polyphenols.
The fruit or its juice may be toxic, star fruit poisoning is serious, it is frequently observed in chronic renal failure patients. The symptoms are: refractory hiccups, insomnia, agitation, nightmares, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, confusion, disturbances of consciousness, convulsions and cardiorespiratory arrest. A specific neurotoxin AcTx is implicated in its nephrotoxicity and in combination with its oxalic acid (1 mg / 1 g) in its neurotoxicity. The brain would be affected after the toxin has broken through the renal barrier. The clinical picture is associated with severe encephalopathy (with confusional syndrome and status epilepticus), renal failure and hiccups.
Six cases of intoxication have been described in Martinique, two of which have died from regular or occasional users. The set was completely resolutive after hemofiltration treatment. Severe intoxications can cause irreversible damage according to the cases described in Asia.
This is why carom consumption is currently not recommended for patients with renal insufficiency and those on dialysis, and in any case it should be limited to 1/2 fruit every 3 days, because accumulation phenomena are suspected.